Emergency Shelter Allocation Evaluation - Revision history

Smitch: Removed section enabling GRASS plugin and setting up GRASS database - there was a comment in there saying that the section should be removed, but nothing was actually taken out. That will confuse users.

2017-11-27T21:43:15Z

Removed section enabling GRASS plugin and setting up GRASS database - there was a comment in there saying that the section should be removed, but nothing was actually taken out. That will confuse users.

Beckytrimble: /* Suitability Calculation */

2017-10-18T20:37:30Z

Suitability Calculation

Beckytrimble: /* Suitability Calculation */

2017-10-18T20:37:19Z

Suitability Calculation

Beckytrimble: /* Suitability Calculation */

2017-10-18T20:37:03Z

Suitability Calculation

Beckytrimble: /* Executing Reclassify Tool */

2017-10-18T20:32:53Z

Executing Reclassify Tool

Beckytrimble: /* Proximity Tool */

2017-10-18T20:22:38Z

Proximity Tool

Beckytrimble: /* Methods */

2017-10-18T20:21:28Z

Methods

Beckytrimble: /* GRASS Vector to GRASS Raster with Attributes */

2017-10-18T20:19:04Z

GRASS Vector to GRASS Raster with Attributes

Beckytrimble: /* Calculating Population Density */

2017-10-18T20:15:34Z

Calculating Population Density

Beckytrimble: /* Calculating Population Density */

2017-10-18T20:06:32Z

Calculating Population Density

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 Multi-criteria spatial analysis usually is a situation of compromise between conflicting parties involved where the options act as tools of mediation, if it be environmental activists against a private resource extraction firm and so on. In this particular scenario, the conflict was not a part of the initial reason for an allocation solution, but to understand spatially what locations displayed the most vulnerability in the event of a Tsunami, and the funding available would be rationed accordingly. The study area of Hawaii hold interesting laws within their statutes that diffuse a lot of tension in regards to what is considered an emergency shelter.  The government puts financial resources towards individuals who privately own buildings, if it is their house, or hotel, and this building is then brought up to a standardized building code efficient enough for an emergency event, and then listed as a public location in the event of such emergency (Pacific Disaster Center, 2012). This removes the public upsets regarding the security of public parks being replaced as emergency shelters as the population increases. Therefore the application of this project is relatively objective in terms of political heist and conflict.
-This tutorial will demonstrate how this type of evaluation can be carried out using only [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software Free and Open-Source Software(FOSS)], particularly using the [http://www.qgis.org/  Quantum GIS] (2.18.10) package, a GRASS plugin is no longer needed as the newest version of QGIS already includes in within the program.
+This tutorial will demonstrate how this type of evaluation can be carried out using only [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software Free and Open-Source Software(FOSS)], particularly using the [http://www.qgis.org/  Quantum GIS] (2.18.10) desktop GIS.  As opposed to early versions of QGIS and this tutorial, a GRASS plugin is no longer needed as the newest version of QGIS already includes everything needed.
 Particularly, the scenario that outlines what the objectives are for this tutorial involve the expansion of [http://www.scd.hawaii.gov/documents/2011%20Public%20Emergency%20Shelters.pdf Emergency Shelters] in [http://portal.ehawaii.gov/ Hawaii] pertaining to the emergency of a Tsunami event. The funding for this expansion has specific criteria which is as follows:
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 If you don't already have the appropriate software downloaded to your computer, [http://www.qgis.org/en/site/forusers/download.html Click here] to do so according to your running platform of your computer. Along with this download is the GRASS package that will allow you to add the GRASS plugin once you are in QGIS, requiring no additional download for this plugin.
-===Install GRASS Plugin===
-From this point forward through the tutorial it is assumed you have QGIS open. Having the [http://grass.osgeo.org/  GRASS] plugin installed within your project allows for access to a wide variety of additional tools that are extremely useful, as you will see throughout this tutorial.
-The following steps will direct you to successfully loading the [http://grass.osgeo.org/  GRASS] plugin.
-* Click Plugins tab &rArr; Click Manage Plugins &rArr; This will open up QGIS Plugin Manager Window
-* In filter type GRASS, and ensure there is an X in the box &rArr; click OK.
-* Click Plugins tab &rArr; GRASS tab will now appear &rArr; Expand the list of tools &rArr; Click 'New Mapset'
-* Click Browse to find destination folder NOTE: you must have a destination folder already in Windows Explorer &rArr; Click Next,
-* Create new location (Named mine Project) &rArr; Click Next.
-* Define your projection. This can be found within the metadata of your shapefiles, or on the site from which you downloaded the data &rArr; Click Next.
-* Define GRASS region &rArr; I selected USA, as it seemed most appropriate &rArr; Click Next.
-* Name your mapset (Named mine Hawaii)&rArr; Click Next.
-* Click Finish, mapset has now been created.
-* Go to the Plugins tab &rArr; Click GRASS &rArr; Click Open Mapset &rArr; Select what you have just created and now your work will be withi this mapset.
-REMOVE
-TEP NO LONGER NEEDED WITH VERSION QGIS 2.18.10 WITH GRASS 7.2.1
 ===Setup Workspace===

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 * Insert A as first raster (Population density) &rArr; Insert B as second raster (Emergency Shelters) &rArr; Insert C as third raster, and so on for how ever many variables in your scenario.
 * Enter Formula A+B+C &rArr; Set a name for output raster map.
-*Click 'Run' &rArr; Click 'View Output'&rArr
+*Click 'Run' &rArr; Click 'View Output
 [[File:RastCalc.png]]

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 * Insert A as first raster (Population density) &rArr; Insert B as second raster (Emergency Shelters) &rArr; Insert C as third raster, and so on for how ever many variables in your scenario.
 * Enter Formula A+B+C &rArr; Set a name for output raster map.
-*Click 'Run' &rArr; Click 'View Output'&rArr; Close GRASS tools.
+*Click 'Run' &rArr; Click 'View Output'&rArr
 [[File:RastCalc.png]]

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 To create a combined raster that displays all variables weight (reclassification value) over the City of Hilo, all the rasters must be added together using the Raster Map Calculator. Figure 7 shows the resulting output of this tool. To produce such output please follow the following steps:
-* In the main QGIS window click the 'Plugins' tab &rArr; Click GRASS &rArr; Click Open GRASS Tools
+* In the main QGIS window click the 'Processing' and choose 'Toolbox' and search for 'mapcalculator'
 * Click the Modules list &rArr; in the Filter box type r.mapcalculator &rArr; click on the tool that is listed.
 * Insert A as first raster (Population density) &rArr; Insert B as second raster (Emergency Shelters) &rArr; Insert C as third raster, and so on for how ever many variables in your scenario.

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 This section provides steps as to how to run the reclass tool within the GRASS plugin. Please see the following steps:
-* In the main QGIS window click the 'Plugins' tab &rArr; Click GRASS &rArr; Click Open GRASS Tools
+* In the main QGIS window click the 'Processing' and choose 'Toolbox'from there you will search for the 'Reclassify' tool.
 * Click the Modules list &rArr; in the Filter box type r.reclass &rArr; click on the tool that is listed.
 * Input the raster map to be reclassified

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 ===Proximity Tool===
-The proximity tool is useful in understanding the distance between similar objects. It calculates the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_distance euclidean distance] from one object within a vector file to the next. The output is a raster. This tool is not within the [http://grass.osgeo.org/ GRASS] plugin but within the QGIS platform. This scenario called for the proximity tool to be run on emergency shelters and evacuation land GRASS rasters. The following outlines the steps that were taken:
+The proximity tool is useful in understanding the distance between similar objects. It calculates the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_distance euclidean distance] from one object within a vector file to the next. The output is a raster. This scenario called for the proximity tool to be run on emergency shelters and evacuation land GRASS rasters. The following outlines the steps that were taken:
 * Click the 'Raster' tab &rArr; Click 'Analysis' and select 'Proximity' within that drop down menu.

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 As a reminder this analysis is using:
-* Emergency Shelters - GRASS raster file
+* Emergency Shelters - raster file
-* Evacuation Land - GRASS raster file
+* Evacuation Land - raster file
-* Census Tracts - GRASS raster file
+* Census Tracts - raster file
 ===Proximity Tool===

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 This step was carried out on all three variables. In this process you will see the conversion of the Census Tract Population Density layer. The reason for converting with attributes is because it allows for keeping the Population density variable created, and have it spatially quantified. NOTE: The emergency shelter and evacuation land do not have to have associated attribute variables with them. The following outlines how this was done:
-*At the top of QGIS main window click Plugins Tab &rArr; Click GRASS &rArr; Click Open GRASS Tools.
+*At the top of the QGIS main menu click the 'Raster' button and then choose 'Conversion' and click 'Rasterize'.
-*Click the Modules List Tab &rArr; and in the Filter Box type v.to.rast.attr &rArr; Click tool that says 'Convert vector to raster using attribute values'
-*Select input vector layer you wish to rasterize (in this case the Census Tracts layer) in the drop down menu NOTE: layer must be turned on in Table of Contents in order to use GRASS tools using that layer as input.
+*Select input vector layer you wish to rasterize (in this case the Census Tracts layer) in the drop down menu
-*In the Attribute Field, select the Population Density column that was created &rArr; Give the Output Raster Map a name &rArr; Click 'Run' and once successfully complete &rArr; Click 'View Output'
+*In the Attribute Field, select the Population Density column that was created &rArr; Give the Output Raster Map a name &rArr; Click 'OK'
 Again this was carried out for all three variables used in this part of the analysis.

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 * Click 'Field Calculator' button  &rArr; Leave X in box beside 'Create a new field' &rArr; Type a Field name (in this case POPdensity) &rArr; Leave output field type and field width as default.
-* Create your expression. In this case it was "tractce" / "Shape_Area" &rArr; Click 'OK'
+* Create your expression. In this case it was "tractce" / "st_areasha" &rArr; Click 'OK'
 * Toggle off the editing icon, once your calculations are complete.

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 You will now have a new column and it will be filled with the appropriate ratio calculated.
-Repeat this process for all vector layers you plan to use. Although it wasn't ultimately necessary to do this when using only QGIS tools for 2 out of 3 layers used within my analysis it is nice to know you won't later run into issues where conversion is all of sudden necessary, so this can be done as a precaution. NOTE you will not see a visual difference between the shapefile and vector it is simply a file formatting situation.
 ====GRASS Vector to GRASS Raster with Attributes====