Exploring Hydrological Analyses using ILWIS - Revision history

Smitch: /* Overland Flow Length */

2019-10-29T00:32:00Z

Overland Flow Length

Lindot at 20:16, 3 October 2019

2019-10-03T20:16:44Z

Lindot at 20:13, 3 October 2019

2019-10-03T20:13:48Z

Lindot at 20:08, 3 October 2019

2019-10-03T20:08:58Z

Lindot at 19:59, 3 October 2019

2019-10-03T19:59:17Z

Lindot at 18:46, 3 October 2019

2019-10-03T18:46:49Z

Lindot at 18:30, 3 October 2019

2019-10-03T18:30:44Z

Lindot at 18:27, 3 October 2019

2019-10-03T18:27:46Z

Show changes

Lindot at 18:26, 3 October 2019

2019-10-03T18:26:01Z

Lindot at 17:55, 3 October 2019

2019-10-03T17:55:15Z

@@ Line 535: / Line 535: @@
 ----
-''' Please note: In version 3.8.5 of ILWIS, the Drainage Network Order operation did not produce any values in the attribute table. Therefore, the drainage network order was not produced. I have chosen to include Figure  and  to provide an example of what ''should'' have happened in the event that an update is provided for ILWIS 3 in the future, and this operation is debugged.'''
+''' Please note: In version 3.8.5 of ILWIS, the Drainage Network Order operation did not produce any values in the attribute table. Therefore, the drainage network order was not produced. I have chosen to include the figures below to provide an example of what ''should'' have happened in the event that an update is provided for ILWIS 3 in the future, and this operation is debugged.'''
 ----
@@ Line 566: / Line 566: @@
 ''Figure 54 - Flow length for a given point selected with the cursor''
 ===Not Covered in this Tutorial===

@@ Line 64: / Line 64: @@
 :::: [[File:ForeignCollectionWindow2.png|100px]]
 :::: ''Figure 5 - ILWIS raster icon''
 ::* The raster you have imported will open
@@ Line 380: / Line 381: @@
 More information on the operation can be found at the [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/drainage_network_ordering.htm Drainage Network Ordering webpage].
 ----
@@ Line 387: / Line 387: @@
 ----
 :1) Right click on the raster layer in which the sinks have been filled, and select DEM Hydro-processing --> Drainage Network Ordering.
@@ Line 397: / Line 396: @@
 ::* The Drainage Network Ordering window will open.
 :2) Input the previously created flow direction map, the extracted drainage network map, and name the output raster map.
@@ Line 534: / Line 532: @@
 More information on Overland Flow Length that can be found at the [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/overland_flow_length.htm ILWIS Overland Flow Length webpage]
 ----
@@ Line 541: / Line 538: @@
 ----
 :1) Right click on the DEM layer in which the drainage network order has been calculated, and select DEM Hydro-processing --> Overland Flow Length'''

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 This Wiki tutorial has been produced for the purpose of exploring and describing the methods used for hydrological analyses in ILWIS (a FOSS4G program). The objective of this tutorial is to provide users with a better understanding of how the hydrological analyses within ILWIS works, in addition to providing the instructions necessary to reach the desired output for their study region. Additionally, this tutorial will allow for comparison of ILWIS and SAGA GIS, using the same data for analysis as the [http://gracilis.carleton.ca/CUOSGwiki/index.php/Exploring_Hydrological_Analyses_using_SAGA_GIS Exploring Hydrological Analyses using SAGA GIS] tutorial from 2013.
-This project will focus on hydrological analysis of Okanagan Lake, a popular tourist destination in British Columbia, Canada. The tutorial will cover topics such as Aspect mapping, Slope mapping, Watershed Delineation mapping and Wetness Index mapping through the use of ILWIS hydrological analysis tools.
+This project will focus on hydrological analysis of Okanagan Lake, a popular tourist destination in British Columbia, Canada. The tutorial will cover topics such as filling sinks, flow direction,  DEM visualization and drainage network mapping through the use of ILWIS hydrological analysis tools.
 ==Introduction to ILWIS==

@@ Line 441: / Line 441: @@
 :2) Input the filled DEM as the input DEM, and name the output map. Click OK.
-[[File:DEMVisualization_Options.png|200px]]
+[[File:DEMVisualization_Options.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 42 - The DEM Visualization window''
@@ Line 464: / Line 464: @@
 :4) Select the filled DEM to add it as a layer on your map. Press OK.
-[[File:DEMVisualization_LayerOptions.png|00px]]
+[[File:DEMVisualization_LayerOptions.png|500px]]
 ''Figure 45 - The Add Data Layer window''
@@ Line 473: / Line 473: @@
 :5) Expand the information about the filled DEM layer on the left-side of the screen by pressing the + button beside the layer name. Then expand the Display Tools option.  Next, expand the Portrayal option.
-[[File:DEMVisualization_Expand.png|00px]]
+[[File:DEMVisualization_Expand2.png|800px]]
 ''Figure 46 - The expanded options for the filled DEM layer''
-:6) Double-click on Representation and change the Representation to Green-Brown.
+:6) Double-click on Representation and change the Representation to Green-Brown. Click Apply, then Close.
 ::* The Set Representation window will open.
-[[File:DEMVisualization_SetRep.png|00px]]
+[[File:DEMVisualization_SetRep.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 47 - The Set Representation window''
+:7) Double-click on the Transparency options for the filled DEM layer on the left-side of the screen.
-:7) Close the Set Representation window.
-:8) Double-click on the Transparency options for the filled DEM layer on the left-side of the screen.
 [[File:DEMVisualization_Transpar.png|800px]]
@@ Line 499: / Line 497: @@
-[[File:DEMVisualization_SetTranspar.png|200px]]
+[[File:DEMVisualization_SetTranspar.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 49 - The Transparency window''
-:9) Change the transparency by dragging the pointer to 70, or by typing 70 into the box. Press Apply, then Close.
+:8) Change the transparency by dragging the pointer to 70, or by typing 70 into the box. Press Apply, then Close.
 ::* The final visualized DEM is now ready. This layer now shows clearly the hydrological features of the location of interest.
-[[File:DEMVisualization_FinalDEM.png|00px]]
+[[File:DEMVisualization_FinalDEM.png|800px]]
 ''Figure 50 - The final visualized DEM raster map''
+----
 ''' At this point, the Strahler stream order could be added as an addition layer to definitively show the hydrological features according to the analyses completed before. Because this version of ILWIS is unable to complete the Drainage Network Order operation, this is not included in this tutorial. However, step-by-step instructions for adding this layer as well can be found at [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/dem_visualization.htm this] web page. '''
+----
+:9) To save the this visualization of the area of interest, press File --> Save View As.
+::* The Save View As window will open.
+:10) Enter a name for your map file, and a title. Click OK.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_SaveOptions.png|300px]]
+''Figure 50 - The Save View As window''
+::* The view will be saved in the working folder for the analysis.
 ===Overland Flow Length===

@@ Line 424: / Line 424: @@
-===DEM Visualisation===
+===DEM Visualization===
+The '''DEM Visualization''' operation creates a colour composite raster by creating three shadow maps (from the West, North-West, and North directions). These shadow maps are then laid over one another, and the colour composite is created. Used in combination with the filled DEM, the relief of the area of interest can be examined.
+More information on the DEM Visualization operation can be found at the [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/dem_visualization.htm DEM Visualization] web page.
+:1) Click on Operations --> DEM hydro-processing --> DEM Visualization
+[[File:DEMVisualization_DropdownMenu.png|800px]]
+''Figure 41 - Path to DEM Visualization operation''
+::* The DEM Visualization window will open.
+:2) Input the filled DEM as the input DEM, and name the output map. Click OK.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_Options.png|200px]]
+''Figure 42 - The DEM Visualization window''
+::* The DEM Visualization raster map will open.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_DEM.png|800px]]
+''Figure 43 - The DEM Visualization raster map''
+:3) Click Layers --> Add Layer.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_AddLayer.png|800px]]
+''Figure 44 - Path to add a layer on a raster''
+::* The Add Data Layer window will open.
+:4) Select the filled DEM to add it as a layer on your map. Press OK.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_LayerOptions.png|00px]]
+''Figure 45 - The Add Data Layer window''
+::* The filled DEM layer will appear on top of the DEM visualization layer.
+:5) Expand the information about the filled DEM layer on the left-side of the screen by pressing the + button beside the layer name. Then expand the Display Tools option.  Next, expand the Portrayal option.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_Expand.png|00px]]
+''Figure 46 - The expanded options for the filled DEM layer''
+:6) Double-click on Representation and change the Representation to Green-Brown.
+::* The Set Representation window will open.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_SetRep.png|00px]]
+''Figure 47 - The Set Representation window''
+:7) Close the Set Representation window.
+:8) Double-click on the Transparency options for the filled DEM layer on the left-side of the screen.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_Transpar.png|800px]]
+''Figure 48 - Location of the Transparency option on the left toolbar''
+::* The Transparency window will open.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_SetTranspar.png|200px]]
+''Figure 49 - The Transparency window''
+:9) Change the transparency by dragging the pointer to 70, or by typing 70 into the box. Press Apply, then Close.
+::* The final visualized DEM is now ready. This layer now shows clearly the hydrological features of the location of interest.
+[[File:DEMVisualization_FinalDEM.png|00px]]
+''Figure 50 - The final visualized DEM raster map''
+''' At this point, the Strahler stream order could be added as an addition layer to definitively show the hydrological features according to the analyses completed before. Because this version of ILWIS is unable to complete the Drainage Network Order operation, this is not included in this tutorial. However, step-by-step instructions for adding this layer as well can be found at [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/dem_visualization.htm this] web page. '''
 ===Overland Flow Length===
@@ Line 437: / Line 523: @@
 ----
-''' Please note: In version 3.8.5 of ILWIS, the Drainage Network Order operation did not produce any values in the attribute table. Therefore, the drainage network order was not produced. I have chosen to include Figure 43 and 44 to provide an example of what ''should'' have happened in the event that an update is provided for ILWIS 3 in the future, and this operation is debugged.'''
+''' Please note: In version 3.8.5 of ILWIS, the Drainage Network Order operation did not produce any values in the attribute table. Therefore, the drainage network order was not produced. I have chosen to include Figure  and  to provide an example of what ''should'' have happened in the event that an update is provided for ILWIS 3 in the future, and this operation is debugged.'''
 ----
@@ Line 446: / Line 532: @@
 [[File:OverlandFlowLength_DropdownMenu.png]]
-''Figure 41 - Path to the Overland Flow Length operation''
+''Figure 51 - Path to the Overland Flow Length operation''
@@ Line 453: / Line 539: @@
 [[File:OverlandFlowLength_DropdownMenu.png]]
-''Figure 42 - Overland Flow Length window''
+''Figure 52 - Overland Flow Length window''
@@ Line 460: / Line 546: @@
 [[File:FLow length map ILWIS.png]]
-''Figure 43 - Flow length in metres map for Lake Okanagan region''
+''Figure 53 - Flow length in metres map for Lake Okanagan region''
@@ Line 468: / Line 554: @@
 [[File:Specific point value flow length.png]]
-''Figure 44 - Flow length for a given point selected with the cursor''
+''Figure 54 - Flow length for a given point selected with the cursor''
@@ Line 482: / Line 568: @@
 ** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/catchment_merge_functionality.htm Watershed Merge]
 * Compound Parameter Extraction
-** [ Flow Length to Outlet]
+** Flow Length to Outlet
-** [ Flow Path Longitudinal Profile]
+** Flow Path Longitudinal Profile
 ** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/compound_parameter_extraction.htm Compound Index Calculation] (includes the Wetness Index, Stream Power Index, and Sediment Transport Index)
 * Statistical Parameter Extraction

@@ Line 422: / Line 422: @@
 ''Figure 40 - Drainage Network Order output table''
+===DEM Visualisation===
@@ Line 470: / Line 474: @@
 This tutorial covers the most basic hydrological tools for a more simple and basic hydrological analysis using ILWIS. Operations that have not been covered but should be considered when desiring a more in-depth and accurate analysis include:
+* Flow Modification
-* DEM Visualization
-* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/catchment_extraction_functionality.htm Catchment Extraction]
+** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/dem_optimization_functionality.htm DEM Optimization]
-* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/catchment_merge_functionality.htm Watershed Merge]
+** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/topological_optimization_functionality.htm Topological Optimization]
-* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/dem_optimization_functionality.htm DEM Optimization]
+* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/variable_threshold_computation_functionality.htm Variable Threshold Computation]
+*Network and Catchment Extraction
-* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/topological_optimization_functionality.htm Topological Optimization]
-* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/compound_parameter_extraction.htm Compound Index Calculation]
+** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/catchment_extraction_functionality.htm Catchment Extraction]
+** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/catchment_merge_functionality.htm Watershed Merge]
-** Wetness Index
+* Compound Parameter Extraction
-** Stream Power Index
+** [ Flow Length to Outlet]
-** Sediment Transport Index
+** [ Flow Path Longitudinal Profile]
-* [ Statistical Parameter Extraction]
+** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/compound_parameter_extraction.htm Compound Index Calculation] (includes the Wetness Index, Stream Power Index, and Sediment Transport Index)
+* Statistical Parameter Extraction
 ** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/horton_statistics_functionality.htm Horton Statistics]
 ** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/aggregate_statistics.htm Aggregate Statistics]

@@ Line 85: / Line 85: @@
-::* The Properties of Raster Map window will open. Read the line that says: Coordinate System (see Figure __ below).
+::* The Properties of Raster Map window will open. Read the line that says: Coordinate System (see Figure 8 below).
 ::* This tells you which Coordinate System file is currently being used by the raster. In this example, the Coordinate System file called "dem" is being used.
@@ Line 320: / Line 320: @@
-::*The output map will appear to be almost one uniform colour. If you use the zoom-in tool [[File:ILWIS zoom tool.png]] you can see more defined stream networks (Figure 18 - Zoom-In tool).
+::*The output map will appear to be almost one uniform colour. If you use the zoom-in tool [[File:ILWIS zoom tool.png]] you can see more defined stream networks.
 ::* Legend values can be seen by expanding the menu on the left of the map in the map window
-[[File:FlowAcc_ZoomDem.png |800px]]
+[[File:FlowAcc_ZoomDEM.png|800px]]
 ''Figure 32 - Zoomed in view of flow in the Lake Okanagan Flow Accumulation map''

@@ Line 192: / Line 192: @@
 ::* If you are unsure of the UTM zone your area of interest is located within, you can go to [https://mangomap.com/robertyoung/maps/69585/What-UTM-Zone-am-I-in-# this] website. Here, you are able to enter a location and the UTM zone will be provided on the map.
 :7) Click OK. Now the new coordinate system has been created, and appears in your working folder.
@@ Line 414: / Line 413: @@
 * A Extracted Drainage Network Map.
-More information on the operation can be found at the [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/drainage_network_ordering.htm Drainage Network Ordering webpage]
+More information on the operation can be found at the [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/drainage_network_ordering.htm Drainage Network Ordering webpage].
+----
+''' Please note: In version 3.8.5 of ILWIS, the Drainage Network Order operation did not produce any values in the attribute table. Therefore, the drainage network order was not produced. I have chosen to include Figure 39 and 40 to provide an example of what ''should'' have happened in the event that an update is provided for ILWIS 3 in the future, and this operation is debugged.'''
+----
 :1) Right click on the raster layer in which the sinks have been filled, and select DEM Hydro-processing --> Drainage Network Ordering.
@@ Line 454: / Line 461: @@
-----
-''' Please note: In version 3.8.5 of ILWIS, the Drainage Network Order operation did not produce any values in the attribute table. Therefore, the drainage network order was not produced. I have chosen to include Figure 39 and 40 to provide an example of what '''''should''''' have happened in the event that an update is provided for ILWIS 3 in the future, and this operation is debugged.'''
 ===Overland Flow Length===
@@ Line 464: / Line 467: @@
 More information on Overland Flow Length that can be found at the [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/overland_flow_length.htm ILWIS Overland Flow Length webpage]
+----
+''' Please note: In version 3.8.5 of ILWIS, the Drainage Network Order operation did not produce any values in the attribute table. Therefore, the drainage network order was not produced. I have chosen to include Figure 43 and 44 to provide an example of what ''should'' have happened in the event that an update is provided for ILWIS 3 in the future, and this operation is debugged.'''
+----
 :1) Right click on the DEM layer in which the drainage network order has been calculated, and select DEM Hydro-processing --> Overland Flow Length'''
@@ Line 469: / Line 481: @@
 [[File:OverlandFlowLength_DropdownMenu.png]]
-''Figure  - Path to the Overland Flow Length operation''
+''Figure 41 - Path to the Overland Flow Length operation''
@@ Line 477: / Line 489: @@
 [[File:OverlandFlowLength_DropdownMenu.png]]
-''Figure  - Overland Flow Length window''
+''Figure 42 - Overland Flow Length window''
-:2) Input the raster in which flow direction has been calculated as the "Flow Direction Map"
+:2) Input the raster in which flow direction has been calculated as the Flow Direction Map, and name the output raster. Click Show.
-:3) Name the output raster, and click Show
 [[File:FLow length map ILWIS.png]]
-''Figure  - Flow length in metres map for Lake Okanagan region''
+''Figure 43 - Flow length in metres map for Lake Okanagan region''
@@ Line 496: / Line 506: @@
 [[File:Specific point value flow length.png]]
-''Figure  - Flow length for a given point selected with the cursor''
+''Figure 44 - Flow length for a given point selected with the cursor''
@@ Line 504: / Line 514: @@
 * DEM Visualization
+* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/catchment_extraction_functionality.htm Catchment Extraction]
-* Watershed Extraction
+* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/catchment_merge_functionality.htm Watershed Merge]
-* Watershed Merge
+* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/dem_optimization_functionality.htm DEM Optimization]
-* DEM Optimization
-* Topological Optimization
+* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/topological_optimization_functionality.htm Topological Optimization]
-* Compound Index Calculation
+* [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/compound_parameter_extraction.htm Compound Index Calculation]
-* Wetness Index
+** Wetness Index
-* Stream Power Index
+** Stream Power Index
-* Sediment Transport Index
+** Sediment Transport Index
+* [ Statistical Parameter Extraction]
-* Statistics
+** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/horton_statistics_functionality.htm Horton Statistics]
-** Horton statistics
+** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/aggregate_statistics.htm Aggregate Statistics]
-** Aggregate statistics
+** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/cumulative_hypsometric_curve.htm Cumulative Hypsometric Curve]
-** Cumulative hypsometric curve
+** [http://spatial-analyst.net/ILWIS/htm/ilwisapp/class_coverage_statistics.htm Class Coverage Statistics]
-** Class coverage statistics
 ===Additional Resources===
@@ Line 526: / Line 536: @@
 ==Conclusion==
-This tutorial showed the steps required to run some hydrological analyses using a DEM in ILWIS software. QGIS was used to reproject the DEM, and ILWIS software was used to run the hydrological analysis on the Lake Okanagan region. This tutorial should allow for basic hydrological analysis using ILWIS and a DEM of the study region. For a more in-depth analysis look into the topics '''not covered in this tutorial'''.
+This tutorial showed the steps required to run some hydrological analyses using a DEM in ILWIS software. ILWIS software was used to reproject the DEM and run the hydrological analysis on the Lake Okanagan region. This tutorial should allow for basic hydrological analysis using ILWIS and a DEM of the study region. For a more in-depth analysis look into the topics '''not covered in this tutorial'''.
 ==References==
-ILWIS Software http://52north.org/communities/ilwis
+ILWIS Software [https://52north.org/software/software-projects/ilwis/ ILWIS Software homepage]
-Natural Resources Canada[http://maps.canada.ca/czs/index-en.html Geospatial Data Extraction Tool]
+Natural Resources Canada [http://maps.canada.ca/czs/index-en.html Geospatial Data Extraction Tool]

@@ Line 85: / Line 85: @@
 :1) Right click on the raster, and select Properties.
-[[File:CurrentCoordSystem_1.1.png]|800px]
+[[File:CurrentCoordSystem_1.1.png|800px]]
 ''Figure 7 - Path to find properties of a raster''
@@ Line 95: / Line 95: @@
 ::* This tells you which Coordinate System file is currently being used by the raster. In this example, the Coordinate System file called "dem" is being used.
-[[File:CurrentCoordSystem_2.111.png|300px]
+[[File:CurrentCoordSystem_2.111.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 8 - Properties of Raster Map window with arrow pointing to the current Coordinate System in use''
@@ Line 108: / Line 108: @@
 :::: ''Figure 9 - ILWIS coordinate system icon''
-[[File:CurrentCoordSystem_1.png|300px]
+[[File:CurrentCoordSystem_1.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 10 - Path to find properties of a coordinate system''
@@ Line 118: / Line 118: @@
 ::* This tells you which coordinate system is current being used by the Coordinate System file and the raster. In this example, the reference coordinate system being used is WGS 1984.
-[[File:CurrentCoordSystem_2.png|300px]
+[[File:CurrentCoordSystem_2.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 11 - Properties of Coordinate System LatLon window''
@@ Line 127: / Line 127: @@
 :1) Click File --> Create --> Coordinate System
-[[File:CreateCoordSystem_1.png|800px]
+[[File:CreateCoordSystem_1.png|800px]]
 ''Figure 12 - Path to find properties of a coordinate system''
@@ Line 135: / Line 135: @@
 ::* The Create Coordinate System window will open.
-[[File:CreateCoordSystem_2.png|300px]
+[[File:CreateCoordSystem_2.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 13 - Create Coordinate System window''
@@ Line 145: / Line 145: @@
 ::* The Coordinate System Projection window will open. Click Projection.
-[[File:CreateCoordSystem_3.png|300px]
+[[File:CreateCoordSystem_3.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 14 - Coordinate System Projection window''
@@ Line 153: / Line 153: @@
 ::* The Select Projection window will open.
-[[File:CreateCoordSystem_4.png|300px]
+[[File:CreateCoordSystem_4.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 15 - Select Projection window''
@@ Line 163: / Line 163: @@
 ::* The Coordinate System Projection window will open again, this time with more options.
-[[File:CreateCoordSystem_8.png|300px]
+[[File:CreateCoordSystem_8.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 16 - Updated Coordinate System Projection window''
@@ Line 173: / Line 173: @@
 ::* The Select Datum window will open.
-[[File:CreateCoordSystem_6.png|300px]
+[[File:CreateCoordSystem_6.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 17 - Select Datum window''
@@ Line 183: / Line 183: @@
 ::* Again, the Coordinate System Projection window will open, this time with more changes.
-[[File:CreateCoordSystem_7.png|300px]
+[[File:CreateCoordSystem_7.png|300px]]
 ''Figure 18 - Second updated Coordinate System Projection window''
@@ Line 200: / Line 200: @@
 :1) Right click on the raster in the Foreign Collection folder, and select Properties.
-[[File:ApplyCoordSystem_1.png]|800px]
+[[File:ApplyCoordSystem_1.png|800px]]
 ''Figure 19 - Path to find properties of a raster''
@@ Line 210: / Line 210: @@
 :2) Click the yellow GeoReference folder.
-[[File:ApplyCoordSystem_2.png]|500px]
+[[File:ApplyCoordSystem_2.png|500px]]
 ''Figure 20 - Properties of Raster Map window with arrow pointing to yellow GeoReference folder''
@@ Line 220: / Line 220: @@
 :3) Click down-arrow for the Coordinate System menu. Select your new coordinate system from this list.
-[[File:ApplyCoordSystem_3.png]|500px]
+[[File:ApplyCoordSystem_3.png|500px]]
 ''Figure 21 - Create Georeference window with Coordinate System menu open''